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PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES LINKS

A Comparative Overview of C# - (with Java and C++) by Ben Albahari.

Aachen (RWTH) - Optimisation,Language Design,Promoting Functional Programming

ACM "Hello, World" Project - List of the famous "Hello, World!" programming teaching program, in hundreds of different languages.

Ada, C, C++, and Java vs. The Steelman - Compares 4 programming languages (Ada95, C, C++, Java) with the requirements of "Steelman", original 1978 requirements document for Ada language. Big detailed table.

Ada95, Java, and C++ - Some people think Java is like C++, but usual C++ idioms do not carry over to Java because Java is not a C++ superset or subset; Java is a derivation with many modifications, extensions. The language's syntax is alike, but semantics and philosophy is very different. Java is closer to Ada95 than to C++, syntax notwithstanding.

Advanced Programming Language Design - Full text (pdf) of R Finkel's textbook.

Advanced Programming Languages - Useful links about programming languages. Describes the syntax and semantics of programming.

Alcool-90 (FTP) - Alcool-90 is an experimental extension of ML with run-time overloading and a type-based notion of modules, functors and inheritance.

An Introduction to Programming Languages - A page for people who know one language and are wondering about learning another.

Berlin (Technical University) - Compiler Construction and Programming Language Group, Opal (qv)

Birmingham - The xSLAM Project: using linear logic and explicit substitutions to construct and implement more efficient abstract machines.

Bristol - Functional Programming Research, the Brisk project: reactive systems

Cayenne - A Haskell-like language with a powerful type system based on dependent types.

Chalmers - The Multi Group: HBC, Fudgets, Cayenne.

CLOS, Eiffel, and Sather: A Comparison - Comprehensive, many references; zipped Postscript, inlined gifs.

Clover - The Object-Oriented Functional Development Environment

CMPnet TechWeb TechEncyclopedia - Programming Languages - term definitions.

Collected information on about 1225 computer languages, past and present - (TXT), last updated in 1991.

comp.lang.functional FAQ

Comparing Development Costs of C and Ada - Detailed analysis of a case where most variables were controlled enough to make a comparison between development costs (time, error rates, code size, ...) of the 2 languages: descriptions, tables, charts, graphs.

Comparison between Modula-3 and other languages? - Compares Oberon, Modula-3, Sather, and Self in the context of object-oriented programming.

Comparison of C++, FORTRAN 90, Oberon-2 for Scientific Programming - 1995 article written in academic style with references

Comparison: BETA, C++, Eiffel, Java, Object Pascal, Ruby, Smalltalk - Small but useful table of traits.

Comparisons of Tcl with Other Systems - From ICEM CFD Engineering: Many comparisons between Tcl/Tk and other similar systems, most copied from comp.lang.tcl.

Contrast Ruby and Other Languages - Ruby vs Perl, Python, Tcl, Java, Eiffel, C++. Very short.

Curry - A multi-paradigm declarative programming language aiming to amalgamate functional, logic, and concurrent programming paradigms in a seamless way.

Dictionary of Programming Languages - Compendium of computer coding methods assembled to provide information and aid your appreciation for computer science history.

Dylan Competitive Analysis - Dylan vs Smalltalk, Objective-C, C/C++.

Eden - A functional language that aims at the programming of reactive systems and parallel algorithms on distributed MMMMMM systems.

Edingurgh LFCS - Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science, U of Edinburgh, UK

Edison - A library of Efficient Data Structures for functional languages.

Examples of programs in different programming languages - 186 examples (hello world, squares, other) in 81 languages (85 including dialects), and growing.

Extended ML - EML is a framework for specification and formal development of Standard ML programs.

FISh - A novel functional language that claims to be faster than C in some cases.

Fortran90 vs. Ada95 - The superiority of Ada95 over Fortran90. Well reasoned, well written, many code samples.

FP around the world - Claus Reinke's bookmarks on FP - very well organized.

Functional Logic Programming - Michael Hanus's pages on amalgamation of functional and logic programming.

Functional Programming at Glasgow - Functional Programming Group in the Computing Science Department at the University of Glasgow.

Functional Programming in the Real World - a list of functional programs applied to real-world tasks

Functional Programming Languages in Education - A collection of information on the use of functional programming in teaching.

Gary's Encyclopedia: Computer Languages - Links to sites related to various programming languages.

HEL vs. WebL - A comparison of two languages specialized for retrieving and parsing HTML pages.

Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh - Dependable Systems Group - parallelising compilation of SML, formal verification, Glasgow Parallel Haskell

HOP - A functional language with "name-based" interaction between software components.

Hope - A small functional programming language, with polymorphic typing, algebraic types, pattern matching and higher-order functions.

IFIP WG 2.8 - Functional Programming - a workgroup of the International Federation for Information Processing (qv)

Inferno/Limbo vs. JavaOS/Java - A small overview of the differences between Inferno/Limbo and JavaOS/Java.

Is Turing a better language for teaching programming than Pascal ? - by Jacqueline L. Martin (1996)

J - A modern high-performance general-purpose programming language, ideal for complex analytics and data manipulation.

Java vs. JavaScript - History and features of each language

KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, Programming Language Laboratory - implementation of FL, parallel architecture for FL, programming environment for SML

Kiel - Computer Organization and Architecture - Kiel Reduction Language, Single Assignment C.

Kyoto - FP Research Group at U of Kyoto, Japan: Objective Label and Ocaml libraries.

Lambda the Ultimate - Programming Languages Weblog with news and discussion.

Language list - Alphabetical list of programming languages.

Leuven (KU) - Program Specialisation, Functional Languages and Object Oriented Methods

Linea Engineering, Inc.: Getting The Biggest Bang For Your Buck - Compares VisualGen, Smalltalk, C++/Java, ANSI COBOL 85.

London - The Information Systems Research Group

Mondrian - A simple functional scripting language for Internet applications.

NESL: A Parallel Programming Language - NESL is a parallel language with functional flavor developed at Carnegie Mellon by the SCandAL project.

NIAL - Nested Interactive Array Language, a multi-paradigm language that combines aspects of both functional and procedural languages. A Quick Look.

Nijmegen - Functional Programming Languages Research

Nottingham - Languages and Programming Research Group at University of Nottingham, UK

Object-Oriented Languages in the Industry: A Comparison - Compares Eiffel, C++, Java, Smalltalk. Criteria chosen to suggest where Eiffel is better.

Object-Oriented Technologies - Includes a brief comparison of C++ and Java. By DPC Technology Corporation.

Objective-C: Comparisons with other Languages - Comparisons with SmallTalk, C++, and Eiffel

PC Webopaedia - PC Webopaedia terms in category Programming Languages.

PERC Product Information - 6 interesting comparisons of PERC and 6 other languages. Programming Language Landscape graphic sorts 8 languages by application use, level, time dependence.

Perl versus ... - Tom Christiansen compares Perl to other languages, and some of the others to yet others.

Pizza - an extension of Java with functional features: parametric polymorphism, first-class (higher-order) functions, algebraic datatypes and pattern-matching.

PL Prelim Notes - Lists and compares about 20 languages.

PLAN: A Packet Language for Active Networks - A resource-bounded functional programming language that uses a form of remote procedure call to realize active networking.

Programmer's Oasis - Alphebetical list of programming languages.Explains the usage of each language and describes the different variants of some of the languages.

Programming Language Comparison - A comparison of the features of and demand for some of the major programming languages.

Programming Language Critiques - Annotated links to critiques (Older version, by original author)

Programming Languages - For those who think the world begins and end with C++, or with Java, here's an incomplete list of programming languages.

Programming Languages Are Like Women - Humorous analogies between programming languages and women.

Programming Languages as Cars - (TXT) Humorous look at various programming languages.

Programming Languages for the PC - Many languages, compilers, interpreters, for Intel PCs.

Programming Languages List - An extensive listing of programming languages with descriptions.

Programming Languages Table - Big, very useful table of function point evaluation values for many languages; by Capers Jones, Chairman, Software Productivity Research, Inc.

Python Compared to Other Languages - Many links to comparisons involving Python.

Qtime Collection, FTP Download, Gzipped - Display time as English sentence, coded in: AWK, C, ICI, Icon, JavaScript, Lite/mSQL, PHP3, Pike, Python, REBOL, Rexx, Ruby, SLang, Spanner. Tested on only Linux (all) and AmigaOS (C and Rexx versions).

QTime: Magnetic Ink: HTML Download - Display time as English sentence, coded in: AWK, C, ICI, Icon, JavaScript, Lite/mSQL, PHP3, Pike, Python, Rebol, Rexx, Ruby, S-Lang, Spanner.

Reasons for TOM - Flaws in various languages that TOM attempts to address

Review of Existing Languages - Some 1,000 language links, and much original content.

Ron Heuse - Collected information on approximately 2350 computer programming languages, including timeline.

SAC - Single Assignment C - A strict purely functional programming language whose design is focussed on the needs of numerical applications.

Simon Fraser University at Burnaby, Canada - Logic And Functional Programming Group

St Andrews - FP group at St Andrews, Scotland

Sun's Comparison of Language Features - Sun's comparison of Java, Smalltalk, TCL, Perl, Shells, C, and C++

Survey of Programming Languages Associated with the Web - General feature comparisons, explanations.

Survey of scripting language implementation options - A comparison of scripting language approaches in various categories. Pros and cons are given for each feature variation.

Synopsis of the Language JOY - Joy is a language based on function composition rather than application.

The Abyss of Functional Language - a collection of links relating to FP

The Dataflow Web Pages - A collection of dataflow resources.

The Journal of Functional Programming

The Language List - at the University of Berne.

The Quine Page - Collection of self-reproducing programs: each outputs a copy of its own source code; about 60 languages.

The Retrocomputing Museum - Dedicated to programs that induce sensations that hover somewhere between nostalgia and nausea.The freaks, jokes, and fossils of computing history.

The ROT13 Page - ROT13 implemented in many programming languages.

The Unlambda Programming Language - A functional language designed for obscurity

The WWW Virtual Library Programming Languages - Pointers to some on-line reference information about computer languages.

The Z Notation - The formal specification notation Z is based on Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory and first order predicate logic.

Tokio - FP Research Area of the Information Processing Laboratory (IPL) Tokio, Japan.

Tsukuba SCORE - Symbolic Computation Research Group at Tsukuba: combining functional and logic programming, term rewriting systems.

Tutorial Papers in Functional Programming - John Hughes' list of FP-related tutorials and courses.

University of Michigan's Language Guide - Each entry includes history, description, code examples, and references.

Wadler: Monads - Information on monads and functional programming

Warwick - FP group at U of Warwick, UK: Parallel FP, Functional Language Implementation, Extending FP.

Web Programming Languages - Surveys current and planned languages and interfaces for developing World Wide Web based applications; prefaced by discussion of traits of such languages.

What the hell are Monads? - A basic introduction to monads, monadic programming and IO.

Why Functional Programming Matters - John Hughes paper, dates from 1984, circulated as a Chalmers memo.

Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language - Brian Kernighan's comparison of Pascal and C

Willcam's Language Feature Simple Comparison - Tabular comparison of Java, Perl, Smalltalk, C++, C, Tcl, and the Shells

Yale - FP group at Yale University: Hugs, Active Haskell

York - FP research group at U of York, UK: debugging and profiling functional languages, HaXML, NHC.